The Mediterranean Sea is home to several dolphin species, with the Common Dolphin and the Bottlenose Dolphin being the most frequently sighted along our coasts.

These cetaceans prefer temperate waters and can be found in both coastal areas and the open sea. In the Costa del Sol region, the currents and abundance of food turn the Strait and its surroundings into a vital biological corridor for their survival.

Way of Life: Society Underwater

Dolphins are extremely social animals that live in groups called pods. Their social structure is complex and based on constant cooperation.

• Communication: They use a system of echolocation and unique whistles (like names) to identify each other.
• Team Hunting: They coordinate attacks to surround schools of fish, demonstrating superior strategic intelligence.
• Play: Play is a vital part of their learning process and the strengthening of social bonds.

Life Cycle and Reproduction

Dolphin reproduction is a delicate process. Females usually have a single calf after a gestation period ranging from 10 to 12 months, depending on the species.

Calves feed on breast milk for nearly two years, creating an unbreakable mother-offspring bond that is fundamental for the young to learn navigation routes and survival techniques.

The Mystery of Sleep: Sleeping with One Eye Open

How can an animal that needs to surface to breathe fall asleep? The answer lies in unihemispheric sleep.

Dolphins only shut down half of their brain at a time. While one half rests, the other remains alert to control breathing and watch for potential predators. During this state, they usually keep one eye open (the one opposite to the resting half of the brain) and swim slowly near the surface.